LAD #21 Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth

In this autobiography written by Andrew Carnegie, known as the "Gospel of Wealth", he speaks about his beliefs of how one should handle money. Throughout Carnegie touches on both upper and lower class actions. He believed that there was a necessary gap between upper and lower class for a reason, and if there wasn't this gap then the economy would eventually fail. Also he addresses that all people should find something they love to do and then continue to make money of that love. In regard to the upper class, Carnegie felt that they needed to give their money back to society through philanthropy

LAD #20 Emancipation Proclamation

This Proclamation stated that all the slaves in the south were now deemed free by the Union. Also this proclaimed that these newly freed slaves had no obligation to an owner anymore. This freedom included that all free slaves were treated as so in the military. In the North all the slaves would be considered free from any from of indentured labor or servitude as a result of this proclamation.

LAD #19 Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address

This speech is much more laid back and less important because this time there is no imminent Civil War. Sadly though there is huge conflict between the North and the South because of slavery. Lincoln also states how he hopes that slavery will be abolished because it is a problem plaguing the United States. Lastly Lincoln talks about how he wants and hopes that the Union is able to recover from the destruction that has occurred as a result of the conflict and war,  and also that the Union will be able to move on as a whole unified nation.

LAD #18 Dred Scott Decision

The presiding judge in this case, which was a case that questioned the fundamentals of the Missouri compromise, was Roger Tainey. Tainey ended up ruling in favor of Sanford. What was in question during this case was  whether Dred Scott was considered a citizen or not, and this came about because he felt that his rights were being violated. By ruling in favor of Sanford it was also made clear that Scott could not sue the courts because he is not considered a citizen by law.

LAD #17 Ain't I a Woman? Sojourner Truth

In Sojourner Truth's speech she brings up the issue of inequality for blacks but also for women. She talks about the issue of women having a lower position in society in men's minds, and also lower capability to do certain tasks. Then Truth talks about the kindness women are treated with but that black women, including herself, do not receive this same treatment. Lastly Sojourner Truth speaks to the fact that even though she is a female she is still a human and even though her skin color is different, that none of these factors should make a difference when it comes to treating someone in a kind and equal manner.

LAD #16 5th of July Speech

During Frederick Douglas' 5th of July speech he begins to talk about how slavery has been a wrongdoing of the white Americans for a long time. The utilization of the hierarchy in society with the labor class of blacks being the bottom, has been cause for pain and resentment towards the whites, from the blacks. Also Douglas states that the continuation of slavery in the United States would be a clear showing of the ignorance and lack of morals that some of the white population holds. The date of Frederick Douglas' speech was an important part of his speech in that he spoke to the fact that the 4th of July was supposed to be a celebration of American independence, yet for the black American's it was nearly impossible to celebrate because they are still lacking that freedom. This thought is then concluded in that the nation is unable to see their hypocrisy in keeping the blacks in slavery, and because of this the United States is, in Douglas' mind the most corrupt and cruel nation in all of the world.

LAD #15 Lincoln's Gettysburg Address

This address was made by Abraham Lincoln shortly after the Battle of Gettysburg where the Union army defeated the Confederate opposition. He talks about the fact that it is sad soldiers had to be lost in such a conflict, that was between forces within the same Nation. Lincoln then regards that a civil war is occurring to preserve the Union because the Union follows the beliefs that the United States were founded upon. To close this address Lincoln states that he hopes the American government does not perish as a result of this Civil War.

LAD #14 Lincoln's First Inaugural Address

In his first Inaugural address as the 16th President of the United States Abraham Lincoln spoke to numerous things that all, either indirectly or directly, related back to the South in some way. Slavery was one of the main points in his address, Lincoln made it clear that he did not want to slavery to spread. To contain this wanted growth of slavery by the south Lincoln said that interference should not occur and all states without slavery maintain that way. Next he acknowledged that the South were clearly unhappy with the North and that he would not use force unless an uprising against the government were to occur. Lincoln also says he wants to protect and preserve the constitution and that the South should also share this feeling because they also signed and helped to create the Constitution.

LAD #13 John Calhoun

Throughout John Calhoun's  speech the main focus is the dividing topic of slavery. During this time slavery was causing massive division amongst the United States people in the North and South that had not been seen before. Calhoun said that if the issue is not resolved then it could cause America to crumble as a nation. He proposed that the North who had been the more dominant of the two regions give up some of its political  power to satisfy the Southern peoples wants. This was because the North had a higher population, and therefore had greater representation. Also the North had a greater resources, funding, and land. This was also one of the causes for the Southern frustration. Lastly Calhoun wanted the political parties to unite because he believed it would cause a stronger more unified United States.

LAD #12 Polk

James K. Polk was President of the United States during a time where relations with Mexico were strained. His war message addressed this strained relationship with Mexico. Since the two countries bordered each other there were many border disputes as a result, but Polk wanted to achieve peace. Sadly the Mexican people did not have peace on their mind and they murdered many Americans across the borders. The American people now created an army base in Texas to help stop these murders from continuing, as a result of all these events President Polk admits that America will not be able to trust Mexico and that war is imminent.

LAD #11 Declaration of Seneca Falls

The Seneca Falls Declaration had two sections that made up the meat and potatoes of  the document. The first section established one of the basic ideals that is a foundation to our Country today, that being that all men are created equal. This is vital to America because it shows that as a country we believe everyone is equal and that no one is lesser in any way. It then begins to get into the fact that women are treated as lesser and that they really don't have many rights. This transitions into the second part of the document in speaking to the need for women to gain these rights that will help them become more successful as a population. For tis to occur, it stresses the need for men to back women with their efforts to gain more rights.

Monroe Doctorine

1. The issuing of the Monroe Doctrine showed that there was a change in the United States' foreign policy. James Monroe decided that the United States was not gonna get Involved in foreign affairs which was the policy before, but Madison changed it. He declared that the European nations shall not attempt to colonize the United States territory anymore because it was rightfully theirs. In doing this Monroe showed the strong nationalism in the us at this time because by declaring this he implied that they would be able to fight any countries attempting to colonizs
2. Adams hoped that the through the Monroe Doctrine, the United States would now be done with having to deal with European influence in America. This would be achieved through the declaration of no more colonization of the US territory. This would also help to accomplish manifest destiny which was one of the main goals for the us at this time
3. The key phrase of the entire document is "henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by an European powers." This is the most important statement because it is the one statement where it truly defines how the United States will treat colonization of their land by European nations. It shows how they will have a policy of  no  toleration towards any future colonization. 

Columbus Blog #8

I believe that Christopher Columbus morally was a villain and that even though his discoveries were very impactful, he was by no means a hero. Columbus may have founded the New World but this discovery was not even the motive behind Columbus' voyage. Also when Columbus returned back to Spain to present his findings the three largest ships had been sunk that he had. On top of this just to show that morally Columbus was not a great man, when he met the natives he was made out to have really wanted god relations with them but in reality this wasn't really the case. The natives were enamored by all the jewels and such that the explorers had so they were easily befriended. Columbus though would later go on to attempt to turn these once "friends" into slaves that the Spanish could benefit from economically via the new trade routes he developed. All in all, the story of Columbus is one that is very misperceived by many, and he gets a good reputation for actions that would reflect otherwise.

LAD #9

Thomas Jefferson's inaugural address was seemingly a little less confident than that of Washington's and Adam's. He spoke about the importance of the United States staying unified as a country and that as one nation they are much stronger. Talking more in depth about staying unified, Jefferson also stressed that the people follow the laws put in place to protect them, and in doing so this would strengthen the unity amongst the people. Jefferson throughout his speech mentioned the implementing militia's, which I believe is important because it could be seen as the direct foundation for the creation of police. Another part of this speech was the promotion, from Jefferson to the people, to continue to help benefit the economy through trade and commerce. He would go on to reassure the people of his readiness to take on the presidential seat.

LAD #7 Washington's Farewell Adress

In Washington's Farewell address he declares that he will not be running for president in the upcoming election. Also he states that he wished to retire earlier but did not for the betterment of the country. Mainly he declared that it is necessary to keep the government unified and to stick to the Democratic basis that he helped set the country up upon. Also a wish of his was to have a respected and capable man to proceed him. One point that was important to Washington was the discouragement of alliances with other nations because it could cause many problems in the aspect of foreign affairs.

LAD #6 Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

In this Proclamation Washington states a very important policy to American history. He states that the us has adopted a policy of Neutrality in the war that he acknowledged between Prussia,  Austria, Sardinia, and Great Britain and France against the United Netherlands. Throughout this he also for warns that the American people stay neutral so that they do not get Involved in unnecessary problems.

LAD #5 Confederalist 10

1. Why are factions so difficult to eliminate?
Fractions are very difficult to eliminate for many different reasons. They occur throughout society naturally and people who are part of factions share similar ideas and feelings, generally towards a specific topic. The reasons these factions are hard to eliminate is because people develop feelings naturally that they cant change or at least are hard to change.
2. If factions cannot be removed how can they be controlled?
One way to control factions is to give people representatives who are there to represent their believes and ideals in a more professional manner. This system is classified as a Republic, this makes people happier in that their self-interests can be represented and brought to attention. With this system everyone feels like they get a say and factions don't have to be eliminated.

Republican Motherhood

1.      What role did the Revolutioonary War play in the transformation of housewifery to Republican Motherhood?

Post-Revolutionary War people started to believe that women should have a solid education so that they could educate their sons to have good moral values and governing principles.  People also believed women should learn how to write, do math, and general knowledge of the English language (Doc B).

2.      What were the consequences of Republican Motherhood on women?

 Women were as a result expected to raise fine sons that were suitable for society and to do this it was required for women to learn educational essentials. Some of these essentials were things like; sound geographic knowledge, knowledge of English language, legible hand. This was a huge change for women and as a result they became much more respected in society (Doc B).

3.      What is the signifigance of the ideology of Republican Motherhood as a stage in the process of women's socialization?

The Republican Motherhood spanned more than just the home. It also extended into the social lives of the country, controlling how society governs itself. So, just like in her home, while socializing, a woman must completely support her country, and hold her family and herself to the utmost loyalty.

 

 

 

 

 

1.       Describe the setting.

The setting is clearly in the home where the mother is holding her children in what seems to be the living room in the home.

2.      Who serves at the center of the portrait and why?  How does the woman look?  How is she “republican” rather than aristocratic?

The mother serves as the center of the portrait along with the children because it is symbolic of the mother’s importance in the children’s life. The women looks somewhat comfortably dressed. She is considered republican because she does not seem extremely uptight and proper and is greatly involved in the children’s life.

3.      What values do her sons exhibit?

The sons exhibit good behavior and appear to be proper with good morals and a high maturity level.

4.      Is there a significance to the position of Mrs. Tilgham’s arm?

Yes there is significance in the position of her arm. It represents her love and care for her children and that she is involved in their maturation.

Blog #4 - Revolution Article.

1. Artillerymen in the Revolutionary War did not possess advanced technology, the armies fought at close range and engaged in hand-to-hand combat. In some instances the armies fought in distances no greater than home plate to second plate on a baseball field.

2. The Founding Fathers helped to create a perception of themselves for historians. Both Adams and Franklin created memoirs. Washington also allowed the creation of a biography on himself.

3. Paintings of the Revolutionary war fall short of proving accurate to actual events. A good example of this was Emanuel Leutze's Washington Crossing the Delaware. The historical accuracy in this piece include the featuring of a black soldier, when in fact blacks were not allowed in the army. Also the painting is set in the day, when the actual event happened at night.

4.  People believed that the Revolution was a lesser war. Some even thought that it is less vital than the civil war. I believe that the Revolution was the most significant war within American history.

5. American civilians suffered a great deal. They faced disease spread by both armies, as well as murder by British soldiers in several instances

LAD #1 UPDATED ONE

1. What concepts are included in the mayflower compact?
The concepts included in the mayflower compact were the encouragement of the Christianity and loyaltly to King James. Combining of the settlers into a civil bodied government was also one of the main concepts of compact. Enforcement of laws, ordinances, acts, and consitutions was also one of the main concepts of the Mayflower Compact

2. How does the Mayflower Compact reflect an attachment to both the "Old" and "New" worlds?
A continued relationship with King James and maintaining the Chrisitan faith,  reflects the current attatchment to the old world, yet in respects to the new world, they were still a seperate bodied society governed by democracy.

3. How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differ from the Mayflower Compact?
The fundemental orders of connecticut differed from the mayflower compact in that the fundemental orders of connecticut specifically stated laws which were to be set into place and was much more specific throughout making it a written constitution. Whereas the Mayflower Compact was a broader  document containing more rules of life in the Colonies


4. What prompted the colonists of Connecticut to take this approach to government, i.e.: use of a written Constitution?
The people of Connecticut realized that they did not want to be ruled over by a king like back in England. Therefore the colonists decided to put in a system of government that allowed the ruling body to be the people, by putting in place a constitution.


5. In what significant way(s) does the Fundamental Orders reflect a fear of and safeguard against the usurping of power by one person or a chosen few?

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut provide a safeguard against a usurping of power by one person by making it impossible to elect someone without majority. Also throughout the Fundamental Orders it speaks to the setting up of courts and local governments all in which would use the same the election system.

LAD #3 Declaration of Independence

1. Stated in The Declaration of Independence are certain rights that are given at birth and cannot be taken away. The three undeniable rights given were "life,liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." This document helped to set up  a solid democratic foundation in which the population would elect officials who would serve to benefit the country as a whole not certain groups or people. This was necessary for an equal and fair government.

2.The Declaration of Independence also included a list of "grievances" which were complaints towards the king and Britain; many of these were directed at King George. He was accused of passing acts that would not help the colonists in any way (like the quartering acts) but would only benefit the mother country using the policy of mercantilism. The foreign trade would only benefit England as well as the heavy taxes.  King George kept troops in the colonies even when they were not needed, and made the colonists feel unsafe and intruded upon. Along with this, the king only hired officials who would agree with him, not those that would give new ideas and new insights because he wanted to be all powerful.

3. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4th, 1776 by the colonies, and while they were not fully free from England's grasp, they were on the right track towards it. They fought for their independence and proved how much they wanted and demanded their freedom. They wanted rights and the ability to determine how their country was ruled and what taxes and policies to follow. They cut themselves off from Britain and formally declared themselves the United States of America

LAD #2 Peter Zenger

Question #1 Who was John Peter Zenger?
John Peter Zenger was a publisher of a Newspaper in New York that spoke out against Colonel Governor William Cosby. Zenger was speaking out against William Cosby due to his removal of Chief Justice Lewis Morris for personal benefits. Cosby then put in James Delancey to replace Morris. John Peter Zenger expressed his freedom of speech by speaking out about how skeptical he was of Colonel Governor William Cosby's decision. Cosby later would charge and arrest Zenger with seditious libel.
Question #2 What was the controversy over his charges? Talk about Hamilton's defense.
The controversy over Zenger's trial was that the charges were put on him by Colonel Governor William Cosby, who had at the time just removed Justice Lewis Morris and put in James Delancey who would be the presiding judge over Zenger's case. This now brought controversy over the obvious bias that would occur during the trial. Due to this Bias Andrew Hamilton had to appeal directly to the jury throughout the trial and when the time came for a verdict Zenger was found not guilty.
Question #3 What influence did his case have on American governmental tradition?
This case had a deceivingly large impact on the governmental tradition of America in that it was really the first test of the courts and how well they were set up at the time. There were some positives and some negatives in regard to the process of the trial. The fact that the Chief Justice for the case was put in place by The Colonel Governor, who was also the man pressing charges, shows huge bias. This situation would never occur in todays courts because Justice Delancey would never be allowed to continue as the presiding judge due to his bias on the case. But since the court system was relatively new and Justice Delancey did not have to pardon himself it was  hard for Andrew Hamilton to appeal his case. Therefore he had to rely directly on the jury which shows that the jury system held strong throughout this case considering Zenger was found not guilty 
Question #4 What is the lasting significance of his trial? Explain.
The lasting significance of this trial is that it shows how America really did stay true to its governmental foundation and the peoples freedom of the press. Also it brought light to the fact that America was a democratic country that allowed its citizens specific rights that couldn't be taken away from them.